OpenAI says agentic AI tools now account for more than half of the output tokens generated by ChatGPT Enterprise customers in the European Union, according to a report from the company's economic research team published this week and titled "The EU's next chapter in AI is agentic."

The report tracks usage of Codex, OpenAI's coding agent tool, and ChatGPT Work, an agentic feature built into the company's app for business tasks. According to TechRadar, which reviewed the full report, agents already account for 55% of output tokens among the ChatGPT Enterprise accounts sampled in the EU, versus 45% for more basic chatbot use.

TechRadar flags a caveat in that figure: the metric measures token volume, not the share of companies that have adopted agentic tools. In other words, the report does not show that more businesses switched to agentic AI — it shows that the ones that did are producing more output than those that haven't.

A lopsided adoption across the bloc

OpenAI says agentic usage among the sampled ChatGPT Enterprise accounts ranges from 22% in Slovenia to 85% in Lithuania. TechRadar lists more countries from the ranking: Austria (26%) and Portugal (29%) also sit below the bloc's average, while Cyprus (81%) and Hungary (79%) trail close behind Lithuania.

Small businesses catch up since May

Among small and medium-sized businesses in the EU, weekly active users of Codex and ChatGPT Work grew more than eightfold since May 2026, with growth in every member state, according to OpenAI. TechRadar reports that most of that jump began around the time ChatGPT Work launched.

The EU still trails the global frontier

Despite that growth, OpenAI says so-called frontier firms in the EU — companies among the highest generators of tokens per active user worldwide — make up only 10% of that group globally, a share the company itself calls low given the EU's higher share of registered companies worldwide. According to TechRadar, North America accounts for 65% of those frontier firms, versus 13% in Asia-Pacific and 11% across Europe, the Middle East and Africa outside the EU.

OpenAI says that in September, frontier firms within the EU generated more than four times as many output tokens per active user as typical EU firms — but frontier firms outside the EU still generated more than twice as many tokens per user as the EU's own leaders. TechRadar adds that the growth rate also diverges: non-EU frontier firms grew 12.9 times between May and September, versus 6.1 times for EU frontier firms.

"Europe is now in a new era of AI, with tools that can carry out tasks for people," OpenAI Chief Financial Officer Sarah Friar wrote, according to TechRadar. The outlet reports that Friar argues giving people the tools, skills and confidence to use AI well should build stronger businesses and economies across the region.

OpenAI frames the gap as an opportunity rather than a setback, saying its priority is helping EU businesses move past early experimentation with agentic tools and toward deeper, everyday use. The company points to accessibility, affordability and workforce skills as the areas where it wants to focus next, without naming specific programs or timelines for the region.

In practice

  • The report covers ChatGPT Enterprise customers and small and medium-sized businesses using Codex and ChatGPT Work across the EU, per OpenAI.
  • Agentic use already exceeds half of the output tokens among EU enterprise customers, ranging from 22% in Slovenia to 85% in Lithuania, according to OpenAI and TechRadar.
  • Among EU small and medium-sized businesses, weekly use of Codex and ChatGPT Work grew more than eightfold since May 2026, per OpenAI.
  • Despite the growth, EU frontier firms make up just 10% of that group worldwide, behind North America's 65%, according to OpenAI and TechRadar.